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Campaigning in the 2008 Austrian legislative election
A legislative snap election for the National Council in Austria was held on 28 September 2008. The previous election was held on 1 October 2006. The election (the 24th in Austrian history) was caused by the withdrawal of Austrian People's Party leader Wilhelm Molterer from the governing grand coalition (led by the Social Democratic Party of Austria) on 7 July 2008. Due to dissatisfaction with the grand coalition and the two main parties, it was widely expected to be a realigning election, with gains for the opposition and up to seven parties expected to be in the National Council after the election.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Die Zeit ist reif für einen Umbruch « DiePresse.com )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Datum 7-8/08 – Seiten der Zeit: Hajek bloggt: Die Unentschlossenen. Das geheime Wesen )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Listenrekord bei NR-Wahlen | kurier.at ) 〕 The losses for the government parties (both the SPÖ and the ÖVP had the worst election result in history) resulted in strong gains for the far right, while neither the Liberal Forum nor the Citizens' Forum Austria (both of which were considered to have chances of gaining seats) gained as much as 2% of the vote, defying earlier expectations. The result of the election was seen as strong for the far-right and in support of Eurosceptics.
Molterer resigned as party chairman as a result of the losses suffered by the ÖVP and was replaced by environment minister Josef Pröll; the Greens' federal spokesman Alexander Van der Bellen (in office since 1997) also resigned and was replaced by his deputy, Eva Glawischnig. Due to the LIF's failure to enter parliament on its own, LIF founder Heide Schmidt and financier Hans-Peter Haselsteiner both declared their complete withdrawal from politics, and the LIF's fate was seen as uncertain. Shortly after the election, BZÖ leader and Carinthian governor Jörg Haider died in a car accident.
==Inflation, rising prices, transport==
Inflation was seen as a major election topic. Discussions over solutions to the problem of rising prices began back in February 2008. Gusenbauer proposed to support households with €100 as an offset to the rising prices (known as the ''Gusi-Hunderter''); the ÖVP was against this proposal and supported the abolishment of charges instead.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Der Kampf der Parteien gegen die Inflation « DiePresse.com )〕 In the end, the coalition compromised by increasing the mileage allowance (''Kilometergeld'') and the commuter lump sum payment (''Pendlerpauschale'') and by lowering the unemployed contribution (''Arbeitslosenbeiträge'') for those who earn least. Furthermore, the cost of the autobahn vignette was not raised, which relieved Austrian motorists by at least €8.4 million.〔
The ÖVP saw the lowering of brokerage commissions and the charges for arrears letters of debt collection agencies and winter fuel payments for lower-income households as appropriate measures against the inflation. The SPÖ proposed a stricter controlling of prices in addition to the reduction of brokerage commissions.〔 FPÖ and BZÖ saw the main problem in the rising fuel prices; the FPÖ demanded a ceiling price for fuel, while the BZÖ in addition wanted to reduce taxes on fuels.〔 The BZÖ announced a people's initiative (''Volksbegehren'') calling for a stop to rising prices (by capping the price of fuel and reducing taxes on fuel, drugs and food); however, due to the necessary timeframe, the period during which people would be able to sign for the initiative would only start after the election, thus limiting its potential impact. "Ecology against inflation" was the concept proposed by the Greens; the Greens wanted to facilitate the changeover to renewable energy in order to reduce energy prices.〔 The Greens stated that the rising oil price, which was the main reason for the high inflation,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=oe1.ORF.at / Preistreiber Öl trägt Hauptschuld an hoher Inflation )〕 would quickly nullify other attempts at relief (like tax reductions, winter fuel payments or a higher commuter lump sum payment). The lower inflation would also come at a high cost through a higher trade deficit.〔 In contrast, the Greens called for a conversion of oil and gas heating to wood heatings and for a prescribed redevelopment of badly insulated residential houses to reduce energy consumption and thereby costs.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Gaspreise: SPÖ und ÖVP vor den Scherben ihrer Energiepolitik – Die Grünen )〕 On 25 August 2008, the Greens called for a strong increase in funding for public transport, for a nationwide lorry toll and for a moratorium on road construction.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Grüne setzen 400 Millionen in Öffis > Kleine Zeitung )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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